阅读理解 A • 应用文

Unit 8 影视、音乐、绘画、建筑

短文词数:283 | 难度:★★☆☆☆

An American Werewolf in London (DVD)
£4.75 Free postage
In the black comedy, two American students (David Naughton and Griffin Dunne) on a European holiday wander into a local pub and are quickly thrown out. Little do they know that they are about to be changed forever. Terrific makeup effects (by Oscar winner Rick Baker), clever editing, and humor made this thrilling horror movie an instant classic.

Ghost Town (DVD)
£0.99+£0.96 for postage
Co-written and directed by David Koepp, Ghost Town is one of those romantic comedies that do their best not to look and sound like a romantic comedy. It offers no kisses, no declarations of love. This is a light comedy full of dark people. We don't even like the two leads: Pincus is awful and Frank is worse. The film may not end in a kiss, but it does end in a need for love.

Brewster's Millions (DVD)
£6.99+£23.80 for postage
Could you spend $30 million in 30 days? That's exactly what Richard Pryor has to accomplish in this comedy. He inherits $300 million, but only if he can spend $30 million in a single month. If he fails, it's back to zero again. This film is directed by Walter Hill, and it tickles the funny bones of all ages.

Spike Island (DVD)
£10.26+£23.34 for postage
Five rebellious young men from Manchester with guitars have an ambition to forget school and see their heroes The Stone Roses. All they need is to get tickets and give The Stone Roses their own tape. But with no tickets, the boys have a road trip in a borrowed truck to seize their fate in this comedy.

📊 本篇核心词汇

terrificadj.极好的;了不起的
romanticadj.浪漫(主义)的;爱情的
inheritvt.&vi.继承;经遗传获得
makeupn.化妆;组成
declarationn.表白;宣言
rebelliousadj.反叛的;叛逆的

📝 本篇长难句讲评

课堂精讲句型
"Little do they know that they are about to be changed forever."
翻译留白:
核心语法:否定词“Little”置于句首引起的部分倒装;that 引导的是宾语从句

阅读理解 B • 记叙文

Guinness World Record Holder

短文词数:316 | 难度:★★★☆☆

Vincent van Gogh was 27 years old when he first picked up a paintbrush. Edward Hopper did not become a successful artist until he was over 40, and the folk artist Grandma Moses didn't begin painting her charming scenes of rural life until her late 70s. Ghanaian artist Ace-Liam Nana Sam Ankrah, by contrast, sold his paintings when he was 1 year and 152 days old, which earned him a Guinness World Record as the world's youngest male artist.

According to his mother Chantelle, Ankrah's interest in painting began when he was just starting to crawl. As she told the Guinness World Records, she placed paint and a piece of canvas on the floor to keep her son busy while she worked. An artist herself, Chantelle runs a painting class in Ghana's capital city, Accra.

Upon seeing the abstract drawings Ankrah was making on his own, Chantelle had the idea of contacting Guinness World Records. To qualify for the record of being the youngest male artist, Ankrah first needed to exhibit and sell his work, so Chantelle arranged for an exhibition. After selling nine out of ten works on display, Ankrah was officially recognized as the new record holder.

"His paintings are inspired by the world around him," Chantelle told Guinness World Records, "colors, shapes, textures, and his mood. Every painting is an expression of his curiosity and joy in discovering new things." She stressed, "Ankrah creates his work independently, only calling on her to open the paint bottles and clean up when he is done, which he signifies with the proud phrase, 'Mama finish.'"

While Ankrah holds the record for the world's youngest male artist, he isn't the world's youngest artist. That honor goes to the world's youngest female artist record holder, India's Arushi Bhatnagar, who staged her first exhibition and sold her first painting in 2003, when she was 344 days old.

📊 本篇核心词汇

on one's ownphr.独自;单独
abstractadj.抽象派的 n.摘要
earnvt.赢得;博得
stagevt.举办;举行 n.阶段

📝 本篇长难句讲评

课堂精讲句型
"...sold his paintings when he was 1 year and 152 days old, which earned him a Guinness World Record..."
翻译留白:
核心语法:when 引导时间状语从句;which 引导非限制性定语从句,指代前面整个主句的内容并在从句中作主语。

阅读理解 C • 说明文

The Golden Gate Bridge

短文词数:332 | 难度:★★★☆☆

The Golden Gate Bridge is a well-recognized landmark in the United States. It spans the Golden Gate Strait—a mile-wide stretch of water that connects San Francisco Bay to the Pacific Ocean. The Golden Gate Bridge is one of the most beautiful bridges in the world. It is also one of the tallest.

The idea for a bridge across the strait had been around for many years, because San Francisco suffered from its isolated location. Planning for the Golden Gate Bridge began in 1916, but the design underwent many changes before construction finally started in 1933.

Joseph Strauss was the chief engineer in charge of the bridge project. However, he had little experience with the construction of suspension bridges. For this reason, other engineers, architects, and designers made great contributions to the design and construction of the bridge. For example, the bridge owes its art deco style and distinctive orange color to the architects Irving and Gertrude Morrow. Charles Alton Ellis did much of the technical work necessary to construct the bridge.

It was not easy to get the project started. Financing had to be found, and there was much opposition to the very idea of a bridge. The Southern Pacific Railroad, which ran the ferry fleets, feared competition from the bridge. Many experts did not believe that it would be possible to build such a long bridge under such difficult situation. There are strong currents and heavy winds on the bridge site, which made construction dangerous.

The construction of the bridge finally began in 1933. The construction work set new standards for safety—workers were among the first required to wear hard hats, and a safety net saved the lives of nineteen men while the bridge was being built. The Golden Gate Bridge was completed in 1937, when the bridge was opened to pedestrians. It was opened to cars one year later. The bridge was finished ahead of schedule and cost much less than originally budgeted.

📊 本篇核心词汇

landmarkn.地标;里程碑
isolatedadj.偏远的;孤零零的
stretchn.一片;一段
currentn.水流;电流;潮流
ahead of schedulephr.先于预定时间

📝 本篇长难句讲评

课堂精讲句型
"Many experts did not believe that it would be possible to build such a long bridge..."
翻译留白:
核心语法:that 引导宾语从句;从句中 "it" 作形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式结构。

阅读理解 D • 说明文

Facial Caricature System

短文词数:333 | 难度:★★★★☆

A team of machine learning developers has created a system for making caricatures of people's faces. In a caricature, the artist creates a drawing of a face, with different parts of it greatly enlarged, or exaggerated. The pictures or images are usually made to make the person look funny.

Such drawings can be difficult for machines to produce. This is because the human face is made up of complex shapes with a lot of extremely small details. Generally, good caricatures require skilled artists who can effectively exaggerate faces, while still staying true to life.

Kaidi Cao led the research. In a paper explaining his research, Cao said other machine-based systems appear to pay more attention to appearance and style. But his team's research uses a second machine learning tool to add "geometric exaggeration." The new method improves on existing ones "in terms of visual quality and preserving identity." In addition, the system gives users more ability to change results in both shape exaggeration and appearance.

The team tested how recognizable its caricatures were to human test subjects. People were shown caricatures and then asked to choose the correct one from a group of images with faces that looked very similar. Test results showed that in many cases, people had difficulty choosing the correct image when the caricatures were created with the older methods. The researchers said this was because such systems often created caricatures that were far too exaggerated or unclear. Not surprisingly, the most easily recognized caricatures in the experiment were made by humans. But the researchers said their system performed better in tests with human subjects than the older methods.

To date, the team has mostly worked on developing caricatures of people's faces. But the researchers say they plan to expand on this in the future to include full bodies and other objects. They also plan to explore turning the current model around to permit caricature-to-photo translation. The team believes this might be useful for facial recognition of caricatures.

📊 本篇核心词汇

exaggeratevi.&vt.夸大;夸张
recognizableadj.易于识别的
translationn.转变;翻译

📝 本篇长难句讲评

课堂精讲句型
"...require skilled artists who can effectively exaggerate faces, while still staying true to life."
翻译留白:
核心语法:who 引导定语从句修饰 artists;"while still staying..." 是时间状语从句的省略结构

阅读七选五 • 说明文

Amazing Benefits of Listening to Music

短文词数:246 | 难度:★★★☆☆

Here are some amazing benefits of listening to music.

Music reduces stress. Listening to music you enjoy decreases levels of the stress. 1 To stay calm and healthy during a stressful day, turn on the radio. Be sure to sing along and tap your feet to the beat to get the most benefit.

2 A study showed that students who listened to relaxing classical music for 45 minutes before turning in slept much better than students who did nothing different from their normal routine. If you're having trouble sleeping, try listening to Mozart before bedtime.

Music lifts your mood while you're driving. A study from the Netherlands has found that listening to music can positively impact your mood while you're driving, which can lead to safer behavior than not listening to music. The next time you feel frustrated in traffic, turn up the tunes to improve your state of mind. 3 It may even help you drive more safely.

4 Research at Drexel University in Philadelphia found that some music reduced pain more than standard treatments in cancer patients. Other research showed that music could decrease pain in intensive care patients, but the selection needed to be either classical pieces or songs of the patients' choice.

Music helps you eat less. Research at Georgia Tech University showed that softening the lighting and music while people ate led them to consume fewer calories and enjoy their meals more. 5

📊 本篇核心词汇

reducevt.减少;使变小
liftvt.使更愉快;提起
softenv.变温柔;变柔和
consumevt.消耗;耗费

📝 本篇长难句讲评

课堂精讲句型
"A study showed that students who listened to relaxing classical music... slept much better..."
翻译留白:
核心语法:that 引导宾语从句作 showed 的宾语;从句中包含由 who 引导的定语从句修饰主语 students。

完形填空 • 记叙文

Young Nigerian Artist Kareem Olamilekan

短文词数:235 | 难度:★★★☆☆

Kareem Olamilekan is only 11 years old, but so far the Nigerian boy has displayed his unbelievable super-realistic drawings in many museums around the world.

Kareem 1 expressing his artistic talents when he was around six years old, by 2 his favorite cartoon characters. His big 3 occurred two years later, when he visited the Ayowole Art School. Teachers at the academy 4 his extraordinary gift and asked him to join. Now, Adeniyi Adewole, the founder of the school, says Kareem is one of his best 5.

Kareem's success did not come 6. Coming from a poor family, he often 7 to buy basic artistic supplies. "I would 8 buy myself some paper every time Mom sent me shopping for food 9 I could have something to draw on," Kareem said. His family had no electricity, 10 him to depend on a flashlight when he wanted to draw at night. Despite the difficulties, the boy 11 to improve his skills to the point where he is now able to draw detailed photo-like drawings.

Adewole always encourages the boy to think 12. "You can go farther than our expectations. Don't think of yourself 13 as a roadside artist. Believe you can have a 14 like Michelangelo and Leonardo da Vinci," Adewole said.

The young artist's 15 are anything but small. "I want to see myself among the great artists in museums," he said.

📊 本篇核心词汇

extraordinaryadj.非凡的;卓越的

语法填空 • 说明文

The History of the Academy Awards

短文词数:251 | 难度:★★★☆☆
The Academy Awards are the most prestigious film awards in the world, but the prizes are seldom mentioned by their proper names. The 8.5-pound, 13.5-inch-tall golden trophy is much more commonly referred to as 1 Oscar, a nickname so common that even the Academy adopted it as an official name in 1939.

But where did the Oscar name come from? That's a question of some dispute, and the definitive answer may never be known. According to the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, the nickname arose in the 1930s, 2 several different people claimed to have coined it.

The most famous and 3 (wide) accepted origin story for the name Oscar 4 (credit) to Margaret Herrick, the Academy's first librarian. The story goes 5 Herrick saw one of the awards 6 (sit) on an executive's desk and remarked, "He reminds me of my Uncle Oscar."

The Oscar 7 question was Oscar Pierce, a Texas fruit and wheat grower, and although she affectionately called him her "uncle", he was, in fact, her first cousin once removed. Academy staff reportedly overheard Herrick's off-handed remark, and it stuck, 8 (become) the statuette's unofficial nickname.

Although she is best known today for this story, the Academy has called Herrick "among the lesser-known of cinema's 9 (early) champions". They credited her with "laying the foundation for the Academy's research library, one of the world's most important 10 (collection) that document the history, art, science, and industry of motion pictures."

📊 本篇核心词汇

mentionvt.提及;说起
definitiveadj.确定的;决定性的
overhearvt.偶然听到;偷听
阅读 A • 题目栏
1. In which comedy may the makeup be frightening?
A. Ghost Town.
B. Spike Island.
C. Brewster's Millions.
D. An American Werewolf in London.
2. Which character might be lucky to get quantities of money?
A. David Naughton.
B. Pincus.
C. Richard Pryor.
D. Walter Hill.
3. How much should you pay if you want to enjoy a DVD at home as a guitar lover?
A. £30.6.
B. £10.26.
C. £23.34.
D. £33.6.
阅读 B • 题目栏
1. Why did the author mention the three great artists?
A. To prove their unique talents.
B. To record their achievements.
C. To compare their contributions.
D. To show Ankrah's difference.
2. What is a must for Ankrah to apply for the Guinness World Records?
A. He must hold his exhibition.
B. He must sell all his paintings.
C. He must attend a painting class.
D. He must create a certain number of works.
3. What does the underlined word "signifies" in paragraph 5 probably mean?
A. Imagines.
B. Expresses.
C. Remembers.
D. Discovers.
4. What's the purpose of the text?
A. To show a talented boy and his works.
B. To introduce the world's youngest male artist.
C. To explain how to apply for a Guinness World Record.
D. To encourage people to discover their children's talents.
阅读 C • 题目栏
1. According to the text, what do we know about the Golden Gate Bridge?
A. It is the best-known symbol of America.
B. It crosses the Golden Gate Strait.
C. It crosses San Francisco Bay.
D. It is about a mile wide.
2. What do we know about the idea for the Golden Gate Bridge?
A. It Henry first suggested in 1916.
B. It was first put forward by Joseph Strauss.
C. It was perfected by Gertrude Morrow in 1933.
D. It was put forward long before construction started.
3. What is the fourth paragraph mainly about?
A. The factors affecting technical advancement.
B. The support needed for a successful project.
C. The competition between transport companies.
D. The difficulties in starting the bridge project.
4. What can we learn about the Golden Gate Bridge from paragraph 5?
A. It was finished under budget.
B. It was delayed for one year.
C. It was opened to the vehicles in 1937.
D. It was the first to set safety standards.
阅读 D • 题目栏
1. What kind of caricatures does Kaidi Cao's team mainly develop?
A. Objects.
B. Animals.
C. People's faces.
D. People's shapes.
2. Why is it hard for machines to draw a caricature of the face?
A. There are much fewer examples to learn.
B. Skilled artists are unwilling to teach.
C. It has complex shapes with small details.
D. They pay too much attention to appearance.
3. Which of the following caricatures are the easiest to recognize?
A. Those made by humans.
B. Those based on a series of rules.
C. Those made by the new system.
D. Those made with the older methods.
4. What does the text mainly talk about?
A. A study on how people would draw.
B. Ways to create caricatures of people's faces.
C. A team of machine learning developers' new plans.
D. A new machine system to make caricatures of people's faces.
七选五 • 选项栏
A. Music reduces pain.
B. Music makes you happier.
C. Music helps you sleep better.
D. It won't hurt your driving performance.
E. Music can help you learn much better.
F. If you're looking for ways to lose weight, try listening to soft music.
G. This is an important finding since stress causes 60% of our illness and diseases.
完形填空 • 选项栏
1. A. considered   B. started   C. enjoyed   D. imagined
2. A. performing   B. discovering   C. appreciating   D. drawing
3. A. break   B. achievement   C. goal   D. adventure
4. A. developed   B. displayed   C. noticed   D. accepted
5. A. students   B. performers   C. athletes   D. professors
6. A. early   B. late   C. easily   D. slowly
7. A. promised   B. struggled   C. pretended   D. offered
8. A. happily   B. hurriedly   C. comfortably   D. secretly
9. A. as if   B. in case   C. even though   D. so that
10. A. allowing   B. forcing   C. inspiring   D. inviting
11. A. expected   B. attended   C. managed   D. demanded
12. A. bigger   B. wider   C. longer   D. deeper
13. A. naturally   B. exactly   C. simply   D. seriously
14. A. name   B. smile   C. feeling   D. museum
15. A. difficulties   B. advantages   C. dreams   D. opportunities