高中英语语法 · 写作专项

Non-restrictive Relative Clauses非限制性定语从句写作训练

从「句子堆叠」到「信息组织」——四级递进，让一个句子承载更多有逻辑的信息

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一、学习目标Learning Objectives · 通过四级递进训练，你能够 ——

将两个简单句合并为一个含非限制性定语从句的句子
使用 who / which 补充人物、事物或前面整件事的信息
在高考应用文中，用非限制性定语从句表达人物介绍、活动介绍、活动意义、结果影响
在段落中主动使用非限制性定语从句整合信息，使表达更加连贯、紧凑

教师导语：先不要急着想「我要用定语从句」。先问自己：这两句话有没有一个共同的信息中心？

A 层会用能写出 A, who / which … 的正确句子
B 层会合并能把两个简单句合成一个应用文句子
C 层会组织能用 which 表达整件事的结果、影响或意义

Part 1 · 普通句 → 合并句｜目标：先学会「合并信息」

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Task 1 人物信息合并Task 1 — Merging Information about People

Example 1三步法

① Tu Youyou is a famous Chinese scientist.

② She won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.

Step 1 · 找共同人物

Tu Youyou = She —— 两句话讲的是同一个人，这就是共同的信息中心。

Step 2 · 删除重复部分

把 ② 里的 She 删掉，只保留「她做了什么」这部分新信息。

Step 3 · 用 who 连接

Tu Youyou, who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, is a famous Chinese scientist.

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Practice 1A层

① Yuan Longping was a great Chinese scientist.

② He devoted himself to improving rice production.

Yuan Longping, who devoted himself to improving rice production, was a great Chinese scientist.

Practice 2A层

① My English teacher is very patient.

② She always encourages me to speak English.

My English teacher, who always encourages me to speak English, is very patient.

Practice 3A层

① Zhong Nanshan is a respected doctor.

② He has made great contributions to public health.

Zhong Nanshan, who has made great contributions to public health, is a respected doctor.

Part 1 · 普通句 → 合并句｜人物用 who，事物用 which

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Task 2 事物信息合并Task 2 — Merging Information about Things

Example 2三步法

① The Great Wall is one of the symbols of Chinese culture.

② It attracts millions of visitors every year.

Step 1 · 找共同事物

The Great Wall = It —— 共同信息中心是「长城」这个事物。

Step 2 · 删除重复部分

去掉 ② 里的 It，保留对长城的补充说明。

Step 3 · 用 which 连接

The Great Wall, which attracts millions of visitors every year, is one of the symbols of Chinese culture.

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Practice 4A层

① Our school has a large library.

② It provides students with rich learning resources.

Our school has a large library, which provides students with rich learning resources.

Practice 5A层

① Beijing is a city with a long history.

② It attracts visitors from all over the world.

Beijing, which attracts visitors from all over the world, is a city with a long history.

Part 2 · 合并句 → 高考应用文句子｜目标：从「会合并」到「会使用」

教师强调：真正的写作不是为了使用定语从句而使用定语从句。我们使用它，是因为它能够把背景、特征、意义、结果自然地补充进来。

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Task 3 活动介绍写作功能：活动 + 意义 —— 高考应用文最常见的组合

普通表达 ① We held an English speech competition last Friday.
② It provided students with a valuable opportunity to improve their speaking skills.

➜

合并升级 Last Friday, we held an English speech competition, which provided students with a valuable opportunity to improve their speaking skills.

Practice 6B层

你校上周举行了一次英语演讲比赛。

① Our school held an English speech competition last Friday.

② It gave students a chance to improve their speaking skills.

Our school held an English speech competition last Friday, which gave students a chance to improve their speaking skills.

Part 2 · 合并句 → 高考应用文句子

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Task 4 活动意义核心结构：Sentence A, which + 结果

Example 3升级演示

① We organized a tree-planting activity.

② It raised our environmental awareness.

Level 1 · 基础合并

We organized a tree-planting activity, which raised our environmental awareness.

Level 2 · 进一步升级

We organized a tree-planting activity, which not only raised our environmental awareness but also brought us closer together.

教师点拨

这里的 which 不仅仅是修饰 activity，它更自然的理解是：「这次活动带来了这样的结果……」
所以 Sentence A, which + 结果 是非常值得掌握的高分结构。

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Practice 7B层

我们上周参加了一次志愿活动。

① We took part in a volunteer activity last week.

② It gave us an opportunity to help others.

We took part in a volunteer activity last week, which gave us an opportunity to help others.

Practice 8B层

我们组织了一次读书活动。

① We organized a reading activity.

② It increased students’ interest in reading.

We organized a reading activity, which increased students’ interest in reading.

升级版：…, which not only increased students’ interest in reading but also enriched our school life.

Part 3 · 高考应用文句子升级｜目标：开始「有意识地选择」非限制性定语从句

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Situation 1 邀请信假如你是李华，你校将举办英语文化节，请邀请外教参加

已知信息B层

① Our school will hold an English Culture Festival next Friday.

② It will provide students with a chance to experience different cultures.

普通写法

Our school will hold an English Culture Festival next Friday. It will provide students with a chance to experience different cultures.

升级写法

Our school will hold an English Culture Festival next Friday, which will provide students with a chance to experience different cultures.

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Part 3 · 高考应用文句子升级

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Situation 2 活动报道你参加了一次校园志愿活动 —— 三句信息如何整合

已知信息 · 三句B层

① We visited a nursing home last Saturday.

② We helped the elderly with some daily activities.

③ The experience taught us the importance of caring for others.

第一步 · 找最适合合并的信息

We visited a nursing home last Saturday, which gave us an opportunity to help the elderly.

第二步 · 继续组织信息

We visited a nursing home last Saturday, which gave us an opportunity to help the elderly and taught us the importance of caring for others.

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Part 3 · 高考应用文句子升级

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Situation 3 推荐信推荐一位同学参加英语演讲比赛

已知信息 · 三句B层

① Li Hua is one of the best English speakers in our class.

② He is confident and patient.

③ He has won several English competitions.

升级 · 插入人物特征

Li Hua, who is confident and patient, is one of the best English speakers in our class.

再升级 · 增加更多信息

Li Hua, who is confident and patient, is one of the best English speakers in our class and has won several English competitions.

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Part 4 · 段落升级｜目标：从「高级句子」走向「高级表达」

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从五个碎句到一段紧凑表达Version 1 → Step 1 → 2 → 3 → 4

教师提问：下面这段话最大的问题是什么？
学生：句子太短 · 信息比较零散 · 缺少句子之间的联系。

Version 1 · 普通表达A层

Last Friday, our class held a reading activity. Many students took part in it. The activity was interesting. We learned a lot from it. It also encouraged us to develop a good reading habit.

Step 1 · 合并信息

Last Friday, our class held a reading activity, which attracted many students.

Step 2 · 增加活动意义

Last Friday, our class held a reading activity, which attracted many students and helped us learn a lot.

Step 3 · 增加最终结果

Last Friday, our class held a reading activity, which attracted many students and helped us learn a lot. More importantly, it encouraged us to develop a good reading habit.

Step 4 · 最终升级版

Last Friday, our class held a reading activity, which attracted many students and helped us learn a lot. More importantly, the activity encouraged us to develop a good reading habit.

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教师点拨：这里不是「用了 which 就高级」。真正的升级是： held an activity ➜ activity + participation ➜ activity + learning ➜ activity + long-term significance。
也就是：一个句子承载更多有逻辑的信息。

Part 5 · 高考应用文段落实战｜Task 5 活动报道

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校园环保活动 · 一段成文必须包含：时间 / 活动 / 参加者 / 活动内容 / 活动意义

Step 1 · 信息卡

时间	last Saturday
活动	an environmental protection activity
参加者	students from different classes
内容	clean the school campus
意义	raise environmental awareness

Step 2 · 普通句（四句）

Last Saturday, our school held an environmental protection activity.
Students from different classes took part in it.
We cleaned the school campus together.
The activity raised our environmental awareness.

Step 3 · 合并（两次合并）

Last Saturday, our school held an environmental protection activity, which attracted students from different classes.

We cleaned the school campus together, which raised our environmental awareness.

Step 4 · 段落升级（定稿）

Last Saturday, our school held an environmental protection activity, which attracted students from different classes. We worked together to clean the school campus, which not only made our school cleaner but also raised our environmental awareness.

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Part 6 · C层挑战｜让 which 表达「整件事的结果」—— 本节课最高层级

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which ≠ 前面那个名词而是「前面整件事」产生的结果、影响或意义

Example：I joined the school basketball team. It gave me a chance to make many friends.
不要只理解为 which = basketball team。更自然的理解是：我加入校篮球队这件事 → 给我带来了交友的机会。
⇒ I joined the school basketball team, which gave me a chance to make many friends.

Challenge 1C层

① We organized a charity sale.

② It raised money for children in need.

We organized a charity sale, which raised money for children in need.

Challenge 2C层

① I took part in the school volunteer activity.

② It taught me the importance of helping others.

I took part in the school volunteer activity, which taught me the importance of helping others.

Challenge 3C层 · 最难

① More students are taking part in sports activities.

② They are becoming more aware of the importance of health.

More and more students are taking part in sports activities, which means that they are becoming more aware of the importance of health.

提示：此处的 which 指代「越来越多学生参加体育活动」这一整件事，因此常用 which means that… 来衔接。

Part 7 · 终极任务｜一段话完成升级

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Writing Task · 校园活动介绍假如你是李华，请介绍一次你参加过的校园活动

要求：① 80 词左右　② 包含活动时间、活动内容和活动意义　③ 至少使用 1 个非限制性定语从句　④ 尽量避免连续使用过多简单句

写作支架 Scaffolding

When

Last Saturday / Last Friday / Recently

What

our school held…
our class organized…
I took part in…

What happened

We… / Students… / We worked together to…

What it meant

which gave us a chance to…
which helped us…
which not only… but also…
which made us…

词数：0 / 80 未检测到 , which / , who

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Part 8 · 课堂总结｜不是「为了高级而高级」

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三个判断 · 决定用 who 还是 which先判断信息关系，再选择关系词

①

两句话有重复信息
A person + He / She …

who

②

一个事物 + 对它的补充信息
A place / thing + It …

which

③

前面整件事产生了结果
Sentence A, + 结果

, which

例如：I joined the volunteer activity, which gave me a chance to help others.

先想信息，不先想语法

先找中心，再做合并

人物用 who，事物用 which

整件事的结果，也可以 which

不是为了「高级」而用，而是为了信息更紧密

板书设计 · Non-restrictive Relative Clauses in Writing

普通句

I joined the activity. It gave me a chance to help others.

↓

合并句

I joined the activity, which gave me a chance to help others.

↓

应用文句

We held a reading activity, which increased students’ interest in reading.

↓

段落

Last Friday, our class held a reading activity, which attracted many students. We shared our favourite books, which helped us learn from each other. More importantly, the activity encouraged us to develop a good reading habit.

核心：不是增加语法，而是整合信息

A 层 · 句子正确会用Our school, which has a large library, provides students with rich learning resources.
B 层 · 信息整合会合并We held an English speech competition, which gave students a chance to improve their speaking skills.
C 层 · 逻辑组织会组织We organized a tree-planting activity, which not only raised our environmental awareness but also brought us closer together.