外研版 · 选择性必修第一册 · Unit 2 词汇讲解

选择性必修一词汇讲解

Unit 2 · 坚持、困难与继续前进
今天不是背 9 个词,而是掌握一条语言链:
困难出现 → 想放弃 → 坚持到底 → 继续前进
quit/kwɪt/v. 停止;放弃;离开(工作等)

① quit doing sth —— 停止做某事

quit + doing
He decided to quit playing computer games.
他决定停止玩电脑游戏。
注意:quit 后面通常接 doing,不接 to do。
❌ quit to play  ✅ quit playing

② quit + 工作 / 学校等

He quit his job last year.
他去年辞职了。
She quit school at the age of sixteen.
她16岁时辍学了。

③ 和 give up 的区别

quit 更强调“停止、不再继续”;give up 更强调“放弃努力”。
quit smoking = 戒烟;give up a dream = 放弃梦想。
go wrong出问题;出错;进展不顺利
go + adjective → 进入某种状态 / 变得……
When things go wrong, don't panic.
当事情出问题时,不要慌。
Something went wrong with my computer.
我的电脑出了点问题。

理解重点:go + 形容词 = “变得 / 进入某种状态”

go wrong ≈ become unsuccessful / fail to work properly

go 在这里不是“去”,而是变化系动词,后面接形容词,表示“变得……”或“进入某种状态”。
go bad
变坏;变质
The milk has gone bad.
go blind
失明
He went blind at a young age.
go mad
发疯;变得疯狂
He almost went mad with worry.
go pale
变得苍白
She went pale when she heard the news.
go silent
变得沉默
The room suddenly went silent.
go wrong
出问题;出错
Something went wrong with the computer.
常见“变化系动词”一起掌握:
become + adj./n. 变成、变得……(最常见、最正式)
get + adj. 变得……(口语常用)
turn + adj./colour 变成……,尤其强调状态或颜色的变化
grow + adj. 逐渐变得……,强调渐变
go + adj. 变得……,常用于某种状态的变化,尤其是 bad / wrong / blind / mad / pale 等搭配
fund/fʌnd/n. 资金;v. 资助

① fund 作名词

When the funds are low, it is difficult to continue the project.
资金不足时,很难继续这个项目。
The project is short of funds.
这个项目资金不足。

② fund 作动词

The government funds the project.
政府资助这个项目。
The research is funded by the government.
这项研究由政府资助。
高频搭配: funds are low · be short of funds · fund a project · be funded by · funding for sth
debt/det/n. 债务;欠款
He is deeply in debt.
他负债累累。

三个高频搭配

be in debt
负债
get into debt
陷入债务
pay off a debt
还清债务
be heavily / deeply in debt
负债累累
loan = 借款(借进来的钱)
debt = 债务(需要偿还的钱)
sigh/saɪ/v. 叹气;n. 叹息
She sighed deeply.
她深深地叹了口气。
He sighed with relief.
他如释重负地叹了口气。
She gave a deep sigh.
她深深地叹了口气。
注意词性: sigh 可作动词,也可作名词:
sigh deeply(v.) / a deep sigh(n.) / sigh with relief(如释重负地叹气)
many a许多……;很多……
many a + 单数可数名词 + 单数谓语
Many a failure turns into a valuable lesson.
许多失败最终都会变成宝贵的经验。

和 many 的区别

many + 复数名词
Many students have made mistakes.
many a + 单数名词
Many a student has made mistakes.
more than one + 单数可数名词 + 单数谓语
意思也是“多个;不止一个”,形式上和 many a + 单数名词 + 单数谓语 非常相似。

More than one student has made the same mistake.
不止一个学生犯过同样的错误。

Many a student has made the same mistake.
许多学生犯过同样的错误。
考试抓手:
many a + 单数名词 + 单数谓语
more than one + 单数名词 + 单数谓语
两者意思上都表示“不止一个/许多”,但形式上都用单数名词 + 单数谓语。
另外,more than one 更强调“不止一个”,而 many a 带有更明显的书面、文学色彩。
stick it out坚持到底;熬过去
stick it out = continue doing something difficult until it is finished
Don't quit. Stick it out.
别放弃。坚持到底。
The training is difficult, but we have to stick it out.
训练很困难,但我们必须坚持下去。
it 不是具体指某一个东西。 整个短语强调:面对困难、痛苦或漫长的过程,仍然坚持到最后。
pace/peɪs/n. 速度;进度;步调
Don't give up though the pace seems slow.
即使进展似乎很慢,也不要放弃。

① at a ... pace

The project is moving at a slow pace.
项目进展缓慢。
Technology is developing at a rapid pace.
科技正在快速发展。

② keep pace with

We must keep pace with technological development.
我们必须跟上科技发展的步伐。

③ pace yourself

Don't study too hard today and give up tomorrow. Pace yourself.
不要今天拼命学、明天就放弃。要控制好自己的节奏。
核心: pace = how fast something happens or develops(事情发生、发展得有多快)
stick to坚持;遵守;信守
stick to + 名词 / doing
Stick to the plan.
坚持这个计划。
We should stick to the rules.
我们应该遵守规则。
If you stick to practising every day, you will improve.
如果你坚持每天练习,你就会进步。

重点辨析:stick it out vs. stick to

stick it out
坚持到底,熬过去
强调“不半途而废”
stick to sth / doing sth
坚持某个计划、原则或行为
强调“遵循、坚持某事”
The training is difficult, but I'll stick it out.
训练很困难,但我会坚持到底。
I'll stick to my training plan.
我会坚持我的训练计划。

🔗 把 9 个词串成一条语言链

things go wrong→ funds are low→ debts are high→ sigh→ pace seems slow→ want to quit→ stick it out→ stick to the fight
Many a failure is not the end. Don't quit.

👆 点击题目即可显示答案

✏️ 随堂练习:现在就检查自己

1. When things , don't panic. (出问题)
答案:go wrong
2. She decided to playing computer games. (停止)
答案:quit
3. The project is by the government. (资助)
答案:funded
4. He is deeply after years of poor financial decisions. (负债)
答案:in debt
5. He with relief when he heard the news. (叹气)
答案:sighed
6. Many a student made the same mistake. (选择正确形式)
答案:has
7. The training is hard, but don't quit. !
答案:Stick it out
8. The project is moving at a slow . (进度)
答案:pace
9. If you your plan, you will have a better chance of success. (坚持)
答案:stick to
10. 辨析: “坚持到底”用哪个? “坚持某个计划”用哪个?
答案:stick it out;stick to sth / doing sth

🎯 Exit Ticket · 一句话输出

Complete the sentence:

When things , the seems slow and I may want to . But I should and my goal.

要求:至少正确使用本课 5 个词汇。